CAS 71751-41-2 Abamectin - Analytical Products / Alfa Chemistry

CAT	APS71751412
CAS	71751-41-2
Structure
MDL Number	MFCD01769550
Synonyms	Vertigo (pesticide), Vermitec, AgMectin, Aversectin S, Avid, MK 936, CHA 2061, Abamectin, STAN, Agrimec, Avicta 400FS, Spiro[11,15-methano-2H,13H,17H-furo[4,3,2-pq][2,6]benzodioxacyclooctadecin-13,2'-[2H]pyran], avermectin B1 deriv., Avicta, Zoro, Avid 0.15EC, Lirosect, Vertimec, Abba,Avermectin B1, A 14906, A 8612, Abamektin, Avermectin B1a-Avermectin B1b mixt., Genesis Oral Drench, Zephyr, Vertigo 018EC, Avert, Abastate EW, Genesis Pour-on for Cattle and Deer, Phytoverm, Temprano, Lyrosekt, Vertimec 018SC, Abamitel, Mectin, Abastate, L 676, Abarex, Rustomectin, CHA 2062, Epi-Mek, Fitoverm, Kraft, PT 310, Agri-Mek
Molecular Weight	1732.13
Molecular Formula	((C48H72O14)c(C47H70O14)c)mix
InChI Key	RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-RDKIRRGNSA-N

Description	analytical standard
Accurate Mass	1730.9688
Form	neat; gas chromatography (GC): suitable
Format	Neat
Grade	analytical standard
Shipping	Room Temperature
Size	100MG
Storage Conditions	-18°C
Subcategory	Insecticides and metabolites, EU Methods

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Case Study

Abamectin Used for the Preparation of Glutathione-Responsive Controlled-Release Nanocarriers

Xu, P., Li, Q., Shi, W., Xing, G., Wang, Z., Wang, S., ... & Hao, D. (2024). Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 683, 132987.

In this study, abamectin was incorporated into hollow mesoporous organosilicon nanospheres with disulfide-bonded shells (HMS-ss) to construct a glutathione-responsive pesticide delivery system. The experimental procedure was conducted as follows:
1. Dissolution - 5 g of abamectin was dissolved in 50 mL acetone, considering its solubility of 100 g L⁻¹ in acetone.
2. Dispersion - 1 g of HMS-ss was introduced into the solution, followed by ultrasonic treatment for 5 minutes to achieve uniform dispersion.
3. Loading - The mixture was stirred under ambient conditions for 24 hours, allowing abamectin molecules to be adsorbed and encapsulated within the mesoporous nanocarriers.
4. Separation - The suspension was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes to remove any unbound abamectin.
5. Drying - The collected abamectin@HMS-ss particles were subjected to vacuum freeze-drying for 12 hours to obtain a stable powder formulation.
The resulting abamectin@HMS-ss showed a loading capacity of 11.65% and effectively protected abamectin from UV degradation. In vitro release assays demonstrated that under glutathione stimulation, cumulative release reached 84% within 96 hours, indicating redox-responsiveness through cleavage of disulfide linkages. Bioassays revealed improved insecticidal performance, with an aphid survival rate of only 21.67% compared to conventional abamectin suspension.
This stepwise synthesis highlights the feasibility of fabricating abamectin-loaded smart carriers with enhanced stability, responsiveness, and prolonged efficacy in pest management.

Abamectin Used for the Evaluation of Environmental Toxicity in Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

Huang, Yi, et al. Science of The Total Environment 947 (2024): 174558.

Abamectin (ABM), extensively employed in agriculture, has raised ecological concerns due to its persistence in aquatic environments. This study systematically evaluated the toxicological impacts of ABM on the adult Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), with particular emphasis on behavioral alterations, oxidative stress, metabolic disruption, and ferroptosis. The experimental design was as follows:
1. Preparation of Stock Solution - ABM was dissolved in acetone at 10 mg/mL and diluted with aerated tap water to concentrations of 2, 20, and 200 μg/L.
2. Exposure Setup - After 2 weeks of acclimatization, 120 crabs were divided into four groups (control, low, medium, and high). Each group was housed in triplicate tanks (50 L capacity) for 96 h acute exposure.
3. Maintenance - Test solutions were renewed daily by replacing half the volume with freshly prepared ABM solutions. Crabs were fed commercial ration once daily, and food intake was recorded.
4. Behavioral Testing - Following exposure, half of the crabs were subjected to locomotion and behavioral assays.
5. Sample Collection - The remaining crabs were anesthetized in ice baths, and hepatopancreas and muscle tissues were harvested for biochemical and gene expression analyses.
Results revealed significant locomotor impairment, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis in hepatopancreas at 200 μg/L, with residual ABM levels of 12.24 ± 6.67 μg/kg (hepatopancreas) and 8.75 ± 5.42 μg/kg (muscle). Supplementation with N-acetylcysteine mitigated oxidative damage and ferroptosis, suggesting redox modulation as a protective strategy. These findings underscore abamectin's potential environmental risks, particularly in aquatic ecosystems.

Abamectin Nanocapsules Used for the Evaluation of Toxicological Impacts on Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

Guo, Dezheng, et al. Science of The Total Environment 930 (2024): 172738.

Abamectin (ABM), widely applied as an agricultural pesticide, has been reformulated into nanocapsules (AbaNCs) via electrostatic self-assembly to improve delivery efficiency. However, their ecological implications, particularly for pollinators, require careful assessment. This study investigated the effects of AbaNCs on honey bees (Apis mellifera), focusing on detoxification capacity, antioxidant defense, immune response, gut physiology, and microbiome composition.
1. Preparation of AbaNCs - Abamectin nanocapsules were fabricated using electrostatic self-assembly methods to encapsulate the active compound.
2. Exposure Studies - Honey bees were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of AbaNCs, comparable to levels documented in agricultural landscapes.
3. Gene and Enzyme Analysis - AbaNCs significantly upregulated detoxification-related CYP450 genes, alongside antioxidant and immune-related genes. Enzyme assays showed altered activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), suggesting oxidative stress.
4. Gut Physiology Assessment - Despite no visible histological damage, AbaNC exposure markedly reduced digestive enzyme activity, including lipase.
5. Microbiome Sequencing - Metagenomic analysis revealed AbaNC-induced disruption of gut microbiota, characterized by reduced abundance of beneficial genera such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.
Collectively, AbaNC exposure disrupted immune and metabolic signaling pathways, impaired digestive function, and decreased honey bee survival even at sub-environmental concentrations. These findings emphasize that nanopesticides like abamectin nanocapsules, though effective for crop protection, may impose hidden ecological risks by destabilizing pollinator physiology and gut microbial homeostasis. The results underscore the urgent need for protective strategies and ecological risk assessment frameworks before large-scale adoption of nanocarrier-based pesticides.