CAS 77-06-5 Gibberellic acid - Analytical Products / Alfa Chemistry

CAT	APS77065
CAS	77-06-5
Structure
MDL Number	MFCD00079329
Synonyms	Gibberellic acid (7CI,8CI), Gibberellin GA3, Gibrescol, Gibberellin A3 (6CI), Berelex,Gibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid, 2,4a,7-trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylene-, 1,4a-lactone, (1α,2β,4aα,4bβ,10β)-, (+)-Gibberellin A3, GA, Gibreskol, Maxon, Maxon (plant growth regulator), Release, GibGro, NSC 14190, RyzUp SmartGrass, Ralex, Arbostim, (+)-Gibberellic acid, ProGib, Clemencuaje, GA3, Gibberellic acid GA3, NSC 19450, Pro-Gibb, RyzUp, Release LC, TU 64-3-103-75, Giberllon, Grocel GA3, Pro-Gibb Plus, Activol, Berelex L
IUPAC Name	(3S,3aS,4S,4aS,6S,8aR,8bR,11S)-6,11-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-12-methylene-2-oxo-4a,6-ethano-3,8b-prop-1-enoperhydroindeno[1,2-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid
Molecular Weight	346.37
Molecular Formula	C19H22O6
Canonical SMILES	C[C@]12[C@@H](O)C=C[C@@]3(OC1=O)[C@@H]4CC[C@]5(O)C[C@]4(CC5=C)[C@H]([C@H]23)C(=O)O
InChI	InChI=1S/C19H22O6/c1-9-7-17-8-18(9,24)5-3-10(17)19-6-4-11(20)16(2,15(23)25-19)13(19)12(17)14(21)22/h4,6,10-13,20,24H,1,3,5,7-8H2,2H3,(H,21,22)/t10-,11+,12-,13-,16-,17+,18+,19-/m1/s1
InChI Key	IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N
REAXYS Number	54346

Description	United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Accurate Mass	346.1416
Format	Neat
Shipping	Room Temperature
Size	200MG
Storage Conditions	+20°C
Subcategory	Additional pesticides and metabolites

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Case Study

Gibberellic Acid is Used to Enhance Plant Growth and Mitigate Chromium-Induced Stress in Brassica juncea

Morris, Bareerah, et al. Plant Stress 14 (2024): 100694.

Gibberellic acid (GA), a plant growth regulator, plays a pivotal role in alleviating chromium (Cr)-induced toxicity in Brassica juncea (mustard), as demonstrated by recent studies. Exposure to 100 µM Cr severely inhibited plant growth and photosynthetic activity, leading to significant reductions in root and shoot length, dry weight, and leaf area. This growth suppression was partly attributed to glucose (Glu) accumulation, which negatively affected cellular metabolism.
Foliar application of GA (10 µM), individually or in combination with 6% Glu, significantly improved growth parameters under Cr stress. Compared to Cr-only treatments, GA increased root and shoot length by 43.83% and 52.47%, respectively, while dry weight and leaf area rose by 167.16% and 91.93%. Remarkably, combined GA and Glu treatment resulted in even greater improvements, with dry weight increasing by 106.1% compared to Glu alone.
Mechanistically, GA modulated hormonal crosstalk and redox homeostasis by enhancing Glu utilization, reducing ROS accumulation, and optimizing ethylene and nitric oxide signaling. These hormonal adjustments elevated proline and glutathione (GSH) levels and activated antioxidant enzymes, thereby restoring photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production.
This study underscores the utility of gibberellic acid as a phytoprotectant and growth enhancer in heavy metal-contaminated environments. Its application offers a promising strategy for mitigating Cr toxicity and improving crop productivity through targeted hormonal and metabolic regulation.

Gibberellic Acid Used for the Preparation of GA3@Chitosan Nanocomposites to Enhance Salt Tolerance in Sorghum

Mahmoud, Noura E., Hassan Abdel-Gawad, and Reda M. Abdelhameed. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 211 (2024): 108655.

Gibberellic acid (GA3) has demonstrated promising potential in enhancing crop performance under abiotic stress. In a recent study, GA3 was chemically grafted onto nano-chitosan via amide bond formation to develop a novel nanocomposite (GA3@chitosan) aimed at improving the salt stress tolerance of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). The nanoformulation was synthesized by reacting GA3 with nano-chitosan in ethanol under continuous stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, yielding a 1:1 stoichiometric GA3-chitosan complex confirmed by elemental analysis.
When applied as a foliar spray, GA3@chitosan significantly enhanced plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake under saline desert farming conditions. Grain yield in treated sorghum increased up to 2.07-fold compared to salt-stressed controls, outperforming treatments with GA3 or chitosan alone. Additionally, the GA3@chitosan nanocomposite boosted grain microelement content by up to 24.51% and macroelement (N, P, K) accumulation by 34.03%, 47.61%, and 8.67%, respectively.
Biochemically, the treatment reduced proline and glycine betaine accumulation by 51.04% and 11.98%, indicating mitigation of osmotic stress. These results confirm the superior efficacy of GA3 when delivered via nano-chitosan carriers.
This case highlights the application of gibberellic acid in the preparation of functionalized nanomaterials for sustainable agriculture, offering a targeted strategy to overcome salinity stress and enhance food security in arid regions.

Gibberellic Acid Used for Seed Priming to Enhance Germination and Antioxidant Defense in Wild Okra Genotypes

Kamboj, Ankita, et al. Scientia Horticulturae 334 (2024): 113332.

Gibberellic acid (GA3) has been effectively used as a seed priming agent to enhance early growth and biochemical responses in wild okra species, Abelmoschus manihot and A. angulosus. In this study, seeds were primed with varying concentrations of GA3 (0-150 ppm) for durations ranging from 2 to 6 hours prior to sowing. Among all treatments, priming with 100 ppm GA3 for 2 hours yielded the most significant improvements in germination rate, root and shoot elongation, and overall seedling vigor.
Biochemical analysis following the optimized treatment revealed a marked increase in soluble sugar content, peaking at 2 days after priming (DAP), while protein levels steadily increased from day 2 to day 6. Concurrently, total antioxidant activity and the enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) exhibited a consistent upward trend from 1st to 6th DAP, with A. manihot showing the highest enzymatic responses.
This enhanced biochemical profile under GA3 treatment suggests a robust oxidative stress mitigation mechanism and improved metabolic readiness during early seedling establishment.
These findings demonstrate that gibberellic acid is used for seed priming applications to promote uniform germination, stimulate antioxidant defense systems, and support early plant development-offering strategic value for breeding programs and crop establishment in challenging environments.