CAS 63-42-3 Lactose, Anhydrous - Analytical Products / Alfa Chemistry

CAT	AP63423
CAS	63-42-3
Structure
MDL Number	MFCD00151251
Molecular Weight	342.30
EC Number	200-559-2
InChI Key	DKXNBNKWCZZMJT-JVCRWLNRSA-N
REAXYS Number	93796

Description	Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Form	neat; traceable to USP 1356676
Grade	certified reference material; pharmaceutical secondary standard
Size	1G

Analytical Investigation of the Possible Chemical Interaction of Methyldopa With Some Reducing Carbohydrates Used as Pharmaceutical Excipients

Mohammad Reza Siahi, Soma Rahimi, Farnaz Monajjemzadeh

Adv Pharm Bull. 2018 Nov;8(4):657-666.

PMID: 30607338

Examining Mechanical Properties of Various Pharmaceutical Excipients With the Gravitation-Based High-Velocity Compaction Analysis Method

Timo Tanner, Osmo Antikainen, Henrik Ehlers, David Blanco, Jouko Yliruusi

Int J Pharm. 2018 Mar 25;539(1-2):131-138.

PMID: 29414122

Investigation Into the Degree of Variability in the Solid-State Properties of Common Pharmaceutical Excipients-Anhydrous Lactose

John F Gamble, Wing-Sin Chiu, Vivienne Gray, Helen Toale, Michael Tobyn, Yongmei Wu

AAPS PharmSciTech. 2010 Dec;11(4):1552-7.

PMID: 21049309

Moisture Sorption, Compressibility and Caking of Lactose Polymorphs

Y Listiohadi, J A Hourigan, R W Sleigh, R J Steele

Int J Pharm. 2008 Jul 9;359(1-2):123-34.

PMID: 18485633

Stability of a Hydrophobic Drug in Presence of Hydrous and Anhydrous Lactose

R Jain, A S Railkar, A W Malick, C T Rhodes, N H Shah

Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 1998 Sep;46(2):177-82.

PMID: 9795047

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Case Study

Anhydrous Lactose Used for the Co-Crystallization and Encapsulation of Green Tea Polyphenols in Functional Food Applications

Sánchez-García, Yanira I., et al. Food Research International (2025): 116694.

Anhydrous lactose plays a critical role in the co-crystallization process developed to encapsulate green tea polyphenols and enhance their functional stability in food systems. In this study, lactose served as a crystallizing matrix for the efficient inclusion of bioactives, either alone or in combination with whey proteins. The objective was to improve the antioxidant stability and photoprotection of polyphenols, facilitating their application in health-promoting food formulations.
Lactose solutions (30% w/v) were prepared and supplemented with 1% whey proteins and/or green tea extract (1000 mg L⁻¹) before undergoing controlled crystallization at 8 ± 2 °C. Notably, the co-crystallization process was significantly accelerated from 379 min (pure lactose) to ~50 min when green tea polyphenols and proteins were included. Structural characterization revealed the preferential formation of α-lactose monohydrate-a thermodynamically stable and desirable crystalline form.
The incorporation of whey proteins reached up to 0.6 g per 100 g lactose, while polyphenol content stabilized around 100 mg per 100 g crystals. These co-crystals markedly enhanced antioxidant photostability under UV-A exposure, reducing polyphenol degradation by up to 65% compared to non-encapsulated controls.
This research highlights the potential of anhydrous lactose as a co-former for advanced co-crystallization strategies, enabling the development of multifunctional delivery systems for sensitive bioactives in food and pharmaceutical applications.

Anhydrous Lactose Used as an Electrolyte Additive for Dendrite Suppression in Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries

Lin, Zhiguang, et al. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 973 (2024): 118685.

Anhydrous lactose has been identified as a high-potential electrolyte additive for improving the electrochemical performance and stability of aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs). Rich in hydroxyl groups and capable of strong hydrogen bonding, anhydrous lactose demonstrates exceptional zincophilicity and interface modulation properties, enabling the suppression of zinc dendrite formation during battery cycling.
In a 2 M ZnSO₄ electrolyte system, the addition of varying concentrations of anhydrous lactose (60, 100, and 140 mM) to Zn||Zn symmetric cells significantly prolonged cycling performance under a current density of 3.142 mA cm⁻². While the control electrolyte exhibited failure due to short-circuiting after 124.1 hours, the lactose-modified systems extended battery life to 208.6 h, 247.6 h, and 347.8 h, respectively.
Mechanistically, lactose alters the zinc ion solvation structure and dynamically modulates the Gouy-Chapman-Stern layer at the electrode/electrolyte interface. This leads to an increase in zinc nucleation overpotential, promoting uniform zinc deposition and mitigating dendritic growth. Concurrently, the formation of hydrogen bonds between lactose and Zn²⁺ ions minimizes parasitic side reactions.
Furthermore, the Zn||Cu asymmetric battery utilizing the 2 M ZnSO₄-lactose electrolyte achieved a remarkable Coulombic efficiency of 99.7%. Given its biodegradability and sustainable sourcing, anhydrous lactose emerges as a green, multifunctional additive with strong implications for next-generation, eco-conscious AZMB technologies.

Anhydrous Lactose Used for the Preparation of Magnetic ZIF-8-Based Nanocarriers for Targeted Co-Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy

Namazi, Hassan, Mehdi Rezaei Moghadam, and Soheyla Karimi. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 703 (2024): 135227.

Anhydrous lactose has been effectively employed in the synthesis of magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) nanocarriers designed for targeted cancer therapy. In a novel drug delivery system, anhydrous lactose served as a carbon precursor to coat magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, yielding magnetic lactose (M-Lactose) with enhanced biocompatibility and functional surface properties. This M-Lactose was then integrated into ZIF-8 frameworks and further functionalized with β-cyclodextrin, resulting in a pH-responsive nanocarrier: M-Lactose@ZIF-8-β-CD.
The resulting composite demonstrated high drug loading efficiencies for both hydrophilic doxorubicin (95.16%) and hydrophobic curcumin (65.01%), exploiting the porous architecture of ZIF-8 and the host-guest interaction properties of β-cyclodextrin. Drug release studies showed selective and sustained release at acidic pH (pH 5), characteristic of tumor microenvironments, with release kinetics governed by Fickian diffusion and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model.
The incorporation of natural saccharides, particularly anhydrous lactose, not only facilitated the structural formation of the nanocarrier but also contributed to its excellent antioxidant capacity, minimal hemolytic activity, and overall biocompatibility. These attributes make M-Lactose@ZIF-8-β-CD an efficient and safe platform for co-delivery of multiple anticancer agents. This work highlights the pivotal role of anhydrous lactose in the preparation of multifunctional, magnetically targetable MOF-based delivery systems for advanced cancer therapeutics.