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Compatibility of Gemcitabine Hydrochloride With 107 Selected Drugs During Simulated Y-site Injection

Compatibility of Gemcitabine Hydrochloride With 107 Selected Drugs During Simulated Y-site Injection

L A Trissel, J F Martinez, D L Gilbert

J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). Jul-Aug 1999;39(4):514-8.

PMID: 10467816

Abstract:

Objective:
To evaluate the physical compatibility of gemcitabine hydrochloride (Gemzar-Eli Lilly and Company) with 107 selected drugs.
Design:
Controlled experimental trial.
Setting:
Laboratory.
Interventions:
Samples of 5 mL gemcitabine (as the hydrochloride salt) 10 mg/mL in 0.9% sodium chloride injection were mixed with 5 mL samples of the selected drugs diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride injection or, if necessary to avoid incompatibilities with the diluent, 5% dextrose injection.
Main outcome measures:
Visual examinations of the samples were performed in normal fluorescent light with the unaided eye and using a Tyndall beam (high-intensity monodirectional light) to enhance visualization of small particles and low-level haze. The turbidity of each sample was measured as well. In selected samples, electronic particle content assessment was performed. All of the samples were assessed initially and at 1 and 4 hours.
Results:
Most of the drugs were physically compatible with gemcitabine hydrochloride during the 4-hour observation period. However, 15 drug combinations had incompatibilities that included color change, increase in haze or turbidity, particulate formation, and gross precipitation: acyclovir sodium, amphotericin B, cefoperazone sodium, cefotaxime sodium, furosemide, ganciclovir sodium, imipenem-cilastatin sodium, irinotecan, methotrexate sodium, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, mezlocillin disodium, mitomycin, piperacillin sodium, piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium, and prochlorperazine edisylate.
Conclusion:
Gemcitabine hydrochloride 10 mg/mL admixed in a compatible infusion solution is physically compatible for 4 hours at room temperature with 92 of 107 tested drugs. Simultaneous Y-site administration of gemcitabine hydrochloride with the 15 drugs resulting in incompatibilities should be avoided.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP84026-B	Prochlorperazine dimaleate salt		84-02-6	Price

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