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Calycosin Attenuates Triglyceride Accumulation and Hepatic Fibrosis in Murine Model of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis via Activating Farnesoid X Receptor

Calycosin Attenuates Triglyceride Accumulation and Hepatic Fibrosis in Murine Model of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis via Activating Farnesoid X Receptor

Xingping Duan, Qiang Meng, Changyuan Wang, Zhihao Liu, Qi Liu, Huijun Sun, Pengyuan Sun, Xiaobo Yang, Xiaokui Huo, Jinyong Peng, Kexin Liu

Phytomedicine. 2017 Feb 15;25:83-92.

PMID: 28190475

Abstract:

Background:
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents the more severe end of hepatic steatosis and is associated with progressive liver disease. Calycosin, derived from the root of Radix Astragali, has been demonstrated to have favorable efficacy on acute liver injury.
Purpose:
The present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of calycosin on attenuating triglyceride accumulation and hepatic fibrosis, as well as explore the potential mechanism in murine model of NASH.
Study design:
The C57BL/6 male mice were fed with methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks to induce NASH and treated with or without calycosin by oral gavage for 4 weeks.
Methods:
The body weight, liver weight and the liver to body weight ratios were measured. Serum ALT, AST, TG, TC, FFA, MCP-1 and mKC levels were accessed by biochemical methods. H&E staining and Oil red O staining were used to identify the amelioration of liver histopathology. Immunohistochemistry of a-SMA, Masson trichrome staining and Sirius red staining were used to identify the amelioration of hepatic fibrosis. The quantitative real-time-PCR and Western blot were applied to observe the expression changes of key factors involved in triglyceride synthesis, free fatty acid β-oxidation and hepatic fibrosis.
Results:
Calycosin significantly inhibited body weight loss induced by MCD diet, decreased the ALT and AST activities, MCP-1 and mKC in a dose-dependent manner. The H&E and Oil red O staining indicated calycosin effectively improved hepatic steatosis, improved the degree of triglyceride accumulation. Masson trichrome and Sirius red staining indicated that calycosin treatment remarkably attenuated the degree of hepatic fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry of a-SMA demonstrated that calycosin attenuated hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation. Further, calycosin inhibited the expression of SREBP-1c, FASN, ACC and SCD1 involved in triglyceride synthesis, promoted the expression of PPARa, CPT1, Syndecan-1 and LPL involved in free fatty acid β-oxidation. The above effects of calycosin were attributed to FXR activation.
Conclusion:
Calycosin attenuates triglyceride accumulation and hepatic fibrosis to protect against NASH via FXR activation.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP20575579	Calycosin		20575-57-9	Price

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