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Chemokine Up-Regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, Monocyte-Derived Human Dendritic Cells

Chemokine Up-Regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, Monocyte-Derived Human Dendritic Cells

Helen K W Law, Chung Yan Cheung, Hoi Yee Ng, Sin Fun Sia, Yuk On Chan, Winsie Luk, John M Nicholls, J S Malik Peiris, Yu Lung Lau

Blood. 2005 Oct 1;106(7):2366-74.

PMID: 15860669

Abstract:

Lymphopenia and increasing viral load in the first 10 days of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) suggested immune evasion by SARS-coronavirus (CoV). In this study, we focused on dendritic cells (DCs) which play important roles in linking the innate and adaptive immunity. SARS-CoV was shown to infect both immature and mature human monocyte-derived DCs by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The detection of negative strands of SARS-CoV RNA in DCs suggested viral replication. However, no increase in viral RNA was observed. Using cytopathic assays, no increase in virus titer was detected in infected DCs and cell-culture supernatant, confirming that virus replication was incomplete. No induction of apoptosis or maturation was detected in SARS-CoV-infected DCs. The SARS-CoV-infected DCs showed low expression of antiviral cytokines (interferon alpha [IFN-alpha], IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, and interleukin 12p40 [IL-12p40]), moderate up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] and IL-6) but significant up-regulation of inflammatory chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha [MIP-1alpha], regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted [RANTES]), interferon-inducible protein of 10 kDa [IP-10], and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1]). The lack of antiviral cytokine response against a background of intense chemokine up-regulation could represent a mechanism of immune evasion by SARS-CoV.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
IAR42413085	Interferon-Inducible T Cell α Chemoattractant human			Price

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