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Determination of the Effective Redox Potentials of SmI₂, SmBr₂, SmCl₂, and Their Complexes With Water by Reduction of Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Reduction of Anthracene and Stilbene by samarium(II) Iodide-Water Complex

Determination of the Effective Redox Potentials of SmI₂, SmBr₂, SmCl₂, and Their Complexes With Water by Reduction of Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Reduction of Anthracene and Stilbene by samarium(II) Iodide-Water Complex

Michal Szostak, Malcolm Spain, David J Procter

J Org Chem. 2014 Mar 21;79(6):2522-37.

PMID: 24517639

Abstract:

Samarium(II) iodide-water complexes are ideally suited to mediate challenging electron transfer reactions, yet the effective redox potential of these powerful reductants has not been determined. Herein, we report an examination of the reactivity of SmI2(H2O)n with a series of unsaturated hydrocarbons and alkyl halides with reduction potentials ranging from -1.6 to -3.4 V vs SCE. We found that SmI2(H2O)n reacts with substrates that have reduction potentials more positive than -2.21 V vs SCE, which is much higher than the thermodynamic redox potential of SmI2(H2O)n determined by electrochemical methods (up to -1.3 V vs SCE). Determination of the effective redox potential demonstrates that coordination of water to SmI2 increases the effective reducing power of Sm(II) by more than 0.4 V. We demonstrate that complexes of SmI2(H2O)n arising from the addition of large amounts of H2O (500 equiv) are much less reactive toward reduction of aromatic hydrocarbons than complexes of SmI2(H2O)n prepared using 50 equiv of H2O. We also report that SmI2(H2O)n cleanly mediates Birch reductions of substrates bearing at least two aromatic rings in excellent yields, at room temperature, under very mild reaction conditions, and with selectivity that is not attainable by other single electron transfer reductants.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP32248434	Samarium(II) iodide		32248-43-4	Price

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