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Diaphorocleidus Machacae N. Sp. (Monogenea) Infecting the Gill Lamellae of Brycon Guatemalensis (Characiformes: Bryconidae) From the Rio Lacantún Basin in Chiapas, Mexico

Diaphorocleidus Machacae N. Sp. (Monogenea) Infecting the Gill Lamellae of Brycon Guatemalensis (Characiformes: Bryconidae) From the Rio Lacantún Basin in Chiapas, Mexico

Edgar F Mendoza-Franco, Juan M Caspeta-Mandujano, Carlos Ramírez-Martínez

Acta Parasitol. 2019 Mar;64(1):51-56.

PMID: 30649702

Abstract:

Background:
There are currently nine known gill monogenean species of Diaphorocleidus Jogunoori et al. (Systematic Parasitology 58:115-124, 2004) (Dactylogyridae) which are dispersed within and/or among five fish families in the Neotropical Characiformes: Bryconidae, Acestrorhynchidae, Characidae, Iguanodectidae, and Hemiodontidae. During a fish parasitological study carried out in the Rio Lacantún from Chiapas, Mexico, a new species of Diaphorocleidus on the gill lamellae of Brycon guatemalensis Regan, 1908, was discovered.
Objective:
Our objective was to morphologically describe the new parasite species by comparing it with previously described species of Diaphorocleidus and other known dactylogyrids on Characiformes.
Methods:
Worms were fixed with 4-5% formalin solution, observed and measured as temporary or permanent mounts stained with Gomori's trichrome, and mounted in Canada balsam. In addition, some specimens were mounted on slides using a mixture of lactic acid (LA) and glycerin-ammonium picrate (GAP) and then remounted in Canada balsam to obtain measurements of the haptoral structures and copulatory complex. Drawings were made with the aid of a drawing tube using a Leica microscope DM2500 with Nomarski interference contrast.
Results:
The new species differs from previously described congeneric species in having comparatively biggest body size [i.e., 800-1200 µm vs. 222-340 µm in Diaphorocleidus armillatus Jogunoori et al. (Systematic Parasitology 58:115-124, 2004) (type species of the genus)]; two prostatic reservoirs; rod-shaped accessory piece; a sucker-like structure associated with the genital pore; vaginal duct looping left intestinal cecum and opening on the dextro-dorsal margin of body; anchors with conspicuous basal folds on the deep roots weakly developed.
Conclusions:
Consistently with the previous phylogenetic hypotheses about the origin of bryconids (20 mya late Oligocene-early Miocene) in Central America, that morphological differentiation in D. machacae n. sp. in Mexico may somewhat reflect the insights of an early dispersal of a common ancestor of Diaphorocleidus to the area in comparison with that of a late invasion of their congeners [i.e., according to the origin of B. petrosus (10 mya) 10 mya] in Central America. The present finding brings to ten, the number of known species of Diaphorocleidus, and represents the second described species of this genus occurring in a freshwater native host in Mexico.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP8007474-B	Canada balsam solution		8007-47-4	Price

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