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DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Pathway Choice Is Directed by Distinct MRE11 Nuclease Activities

Atsushi Shibata, Davide Moiani, Andrew S Arvai, Jefferson Perry, Shane M Harding, Marie-Michelle Genois, Ranjan Maity, Sari van Rossum-Fikkert, Aryandi Kertokalio, Filippo Romoli, Amani Ismail, Ermal Ismalaj, etc.

Mol Cell. 2014 Jan 9;53(1):7-18.

PMID: 24316220

Abstract:

MRE11 within the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex acts in DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR), detection, and signaling; yet, how its endo- and exonuclease activities regulate DSBR by nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) versus homologous recombination (HR) remains enigmatic. Here, we employed structure-based design with a focused chemical library to discover specific MRE11 endo- or exonuclease inhibitors. With these inhibitors, we examined repair pathway choice at DSBs generated in G2 following radiation exposure. While nuclease inhibition impairs radiation-induced replication protein A (RPA) chromatin binding, suggesting diminished resection, the inhibitors surprisingly direct different repair outcomes. Endonuclease inhibition promotes NHEJ in lieu of HR, while exonuclease inhibition confers a repair defect. Collectively, the results describe nuclease-specific MRE11 inhibitors, define distinct nuclease roles in DSB repair, and support a mechanism whereby MRE11 endonuclease initiates resection, thereby licensing HR followed by MRE11 exonuclease and EXO1/BLM bidirectional resection toward and away from the DNA end, which commits to HR.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number Product Name Structure CAS Number Price
AP1558598416 PFM01 PFM01 1558598-41-6 Price
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