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Evaluation of Vitreous Levels of Advanced Glycation End Products and Angiogenic Factors as Biomarkers for Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy

Evaluation of Vitreous Levels of Advanced Glycation End Products and Angiogenic Factors as Biomarkers for Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy

Makiko Katagiri, Jun Shoji, Noriko Inada, Satoshi Kato, Shigehiko Kitano, Yasuko Uchigata

Int Ophthalmol. 2018 Apr;38(2):607-615.

PMID: 28299499

Abstract:

Background/aims:
Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (glycer-AGE; also called Toxic-AGE [TAGE]) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. However, the relationships between vitreous glycer-AGE levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity, and between glycer-AGE levels and the levels of other angiogenic factors remain unknown. We investigated the correlation between levels of vitreous biomarkers, including glycer-AGE and angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], interleukin [IL]-8, leptin, placental growth factor [PlGF], endoglin, and fibroblast growth factor [FGF]-2) in patients with DR, using three DR staging groups.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, we examined 33 eyes from 33 patients with diabetes mellitus who underwent a vitrectomy (non-proliferative DR [NPDR, n = 8]; PDR with simple vitreous haemorrhage [VH, n = 17]; or PDR with a fibrovascular proliferative membrane [FVM, n = 8]). Vitreous levels of glycer-AGE and VEGF were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Vitreous levels of IL-8, leptin, PlGF, endoglin, and FGF-2 were evaluated using beaded assay methods.
Results:
Vitreous levels of glycer-AGE in the FVM group were significantly higher than those in the NPDR and VH groups (all p < 0.05). Vitreous levels of VEGF (r = 0.85, p = 1.7 × 10-6) and leptin (r = 0.60, p = 5.0 × 10-3) were significantly correlated with levels of PlGF.
Conclusion:
The two systems (VEGF-PlGF-leptin and glycer-AGE) were represented in these measured biomarkers. High vitreous levels of both VEGF and glycer-AGE may be linked to more severe DR, suggesting that anti-VEGF and anti-TAGE therapy may be an important part of the therapeutic strategy for DR.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP7325168	Glycer(ol-d3)		7325-16-8	Price

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