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Hesperetin Inhibits Neuroinflammation on Microglia by Suppressing Inflammatory Cytokines and MAPK Pathways

Hesperetin Inhibits Neuroinflammation on Microglia by Suppressing Inflammatory Cytokines and MAPK Pathways

Sun Hyo Jo, Mi Eun Kim, Jun Hwi Cho, Yujeong Lee, Jaewon Lee, Yong-Duk Park, Jun Sik Lee

Arch Pharm Res. 2019 Aug;42(8):695-703.

PMID: 31327152

Abstract:

Neuroinflammation is a specific or nonspecific immunological reaction in the central nervous system that is induced by microglia activation. Appropriate regulation of activated microglial cells is therefore important for inhibiting neuroinflammation. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone and an aglycone of hesperidin that is found in citrus fruits. Hesperetin reportedly possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant effects. However, the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of hesperetin on microglia are still unknown. Here, we investigated the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of hesperetin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. We found that hesperetin strongly inhibited nitric oxide production and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Hesperetin also significantly reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. Furthermore, hesperetin down-regulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, exerting anti-inflammatory effects. Hesperetin suppressed astrocyte and microglia activation in the LPS-challenged mouse brain. Collectively, our findings indicate that hesperetin inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and could be a prophylactic treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP520332	Hesperetin		520-33-2	Price
AP69097990	(±)-Hesperetin		69097-99-0	Price

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