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Hypotonic Stress Promotes ATP Release, Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Cell Proliferation via TRPV4 Activation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat Synovial Fibroblasts

Hypotonic Stress Promotes ATP Release, Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Cell Proliferation via TRPV4 Activation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat Synovial Fibroblasts

Fen Hu, Zhenhai Hui, Wei Wei, Jianyu Yang, Ziyuan Chen, Bu Guo, Fulin Xing, Xinzheng Zhang, Leiting Pan, Jingjun Xu

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017 Apr 22;486(1):108-115.

PMID: 28274876

Abstract:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune-disease with complex and unclear etiology. Hypotonicity of synovial fluid is a typical characteristic of RA, which may play pivotal roles in RA pathogenesis. In this work, we studied the responses of RA synovial fibroblasts to hypotonic stress in vitro and further explored the underlying mechanisms. Data showed that hyposmotic solutions significantly triggered increases in cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c) of synoviocytes. Subsequently, it caused rapid release of ATP, as well as remarkable production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, hypotonic stimulus promoted the proliferation of synovial fibroblasts. These effects were almost abolished by calcium-free buffer and significantly inhibited by gadolinium (III) chloride (a mechanosensitive Ca2+ channel blocker) and ruthenium red (a transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) blocker). 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, a specific agonist of TRPV4, also mimicked hypotonic shock-induced responses shown above. In contrast, voltage-gated channel inhibitors verapamil and nifedipine had little influences on these responses. Furthermore, RT-PCR and western blotting evidently detected TRPV4 expression at mRNA and protein level in isolated synoviocytes. Taken together, our results indicated that hypotonic stimulus resulted in ATP release, ROS production, and cell proliferation depending on Ca2+ entry through activation of TRPV4 channel in synoviocytes.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP10138520	Gadolinium(III) chloride		10138-52-0	Price

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