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Pharmacological Properties and Derivatives of shikonin-A Review in Recent Years

Pharmacological Properties and Derivatives of shikonin-A Review in Recent Years

Chuanjie Guo, Junlin He, Xiaominting Song, Lu Tan, Miao Wang, Peidu Jiang, Yuzhi Li, Zhixing Cao, Cheng Peng

Pharmacol Res. 2019 Nov;149:104463.

PMID: 31553936

Abstract:

Shikonin is the major bioactive component extracted from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon which is also known as "Zicao" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Recent studies have shown that shikonin demonstrates various bioactivities related to the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and wound healing. This review aimed to provide an updated summary of recent studies on shikonin. Firstly, many studies have demonstrated that shikonin exerts strong anticancer effects on various types of cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, inducing apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. Shikonin also triggers Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation, suppressing exosome release, and activate anti-tumor immunity in multiple molecular mechanisms. Examples of these effects include modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPKs signaling; inhibiting the activation of TrxR1, PKM2, RIP1/3, Src, and FAK; and regulating the expression of ERP57, MMPs, ATF2, C-MYC, miR-128, and GRP78 (Bip). Next, the anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties of shikonin were also reviewed. Furthermore, several studies focusing on shikonin derivatives were reviewed, and these showed that, with modification to the naphthazarin ring or side chain, some shikonin derivatives display stronger anticancer activity and lower toxicity than shikonin itself. Our findings suggest that shikonin and its derivatives could serve as potential novel drug for the treatment of cancer and inflammation.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP517895	Shikonin		517-89-5	Price

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