Protective Effects of Flavonoids From Coreopsis Tinctoria Nutt. On Experimental Acute Pancreatitis via Nrf-2/ARE-mediated Antioxidant Pathways

Dan Du, Linbo Yao, Rui Zhang, Na Shi, Yan Shen, Xinmin Yang, Xiaoying Zhang, Tao Jin, Tingting Liu, Liqiang Hu, Zhihua Xing, David N Criddle, Qing Xia, Wei Huang, Robert Sutton

J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Oct 5;224:261-272.

PMID: 29870787

Abstract:

Ethnopharmacological relevance:
Oxidative stress is a prominent feature of clinical acute pancreatitis (AP). Coreopsis tinctoria has been used traditionally to treat pancreas disorders like diabetes mellitus in China and Portugal and its flavonoid-rich fraction contain the main phytochemicals that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Aim of the study:
To investigate the effects of flavonoids isolated from C. tinctoria on experimental AP and explore the potential mechanism.
Materials and methods:
LC-MS based online technique was used to analyse and isolate targeted flavonoids from C. tinctoria. Freshly isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells were treated with taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate (NaT, 5 mM) with or without flavonoids. Fluorescence microscopy and a plate reader were used to determine necrotic cell death pathway activation (propidium iodide), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (H2-DCFDA) and ATP depletion (luminescence) where appropriate. AP was induced by 7 repeated intraperitoneal caerulein injections (50 μg/kg) at hourly interval in mice or retrograde infusion of taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium salt (TLCS; 5 mM, 50 μL) into the pancreatic duct in mice or infusion of NaT (3.5%, 1 mL/kg) in rats. A flavonoid was intraperitoneally administered at 0, 4, and 8 h after the first caerulein injection or post-operation. Disease severity, oxidative stress and antioxidant markers were determined.
Results:
Total flavonoids extract and flavonoids 1-6 (C1-C6) exhibited different capacities in reducing necrotic cell death pathway activation with 0.5 mM C1, (2 R,3 R)-taxifolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, having the best effect. C1 also significantly reduced NaT-induced ROS production and ATP depletion. C1 at 12.5 mg/kg and 8.7 mg/kg (equivalent to 12.5 mg/kg for mice) significantly reduced histopathological, biochemical and immunological parameters in the caerulein-, TLCS- and NaT-induced AP models, respectively. C1 administration increased pancreatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2-medicated haeme oxygenase-1 expression and elevated pancreatic antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels.
Conclusions:
Flavonoid C1 from C. tinctoria was protective in experimental AP and this effect may at least in part be attributed to its antioxidant effects by activation of Nrf2-mediated pathways. These results suggest the potential utilisation of C. tinctoria to treat AP.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	CAS Number	Price
ALP24198978	(±)-Taxifolin hydrate	24198-97-8 (anhydrous)	Price
AP145426	Taurocholic acid sodium salt	145-42-6	Price
IAR42411261	2-Keto-3-methylbutyric acid-3-d sodium salt hydrate		Price