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Rocuronium Bromide Inhibits Inflammation and Pain by Suppressing Nitric Oxide Production and Enhancing Prostaglandin E

Rocuronium Bromide Inhibits Inflammation and Pain by Suppressing Nitric Oxide Production and Enhancing Prostaglandin E

Sang Bin Baek, Mal Soon Shin, Jin Hee Han, Sang Woong Moon, Boksoon Chang, Jung Won Jeon, Jae Woo Yi, Jun Young Chung

Int Neurourol J. 2016 Dec;20(4):296-303.

PMID: 28043117

Abstract:

Purpose:
Rocuronium bromide is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug and has been used as an adjunct for relaxation or paralysis of the skeletal muscles, facilitation of endotracheal intubation, and improving surgical conditions during general anesthesia. However, intravenous injection of rocuronium bromide induces injection pain or withdrawal movement. The exact mechanism of rocuronium bromide-induced injection pain or withdrawal movement is not yet understood. We investigated whether rocuronium bromide treatment is involved in the induction of inflammation and pain in vascular endothelial cells.
Methods:
For this study, calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells were used, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Western blot, nitric oxide detection, and prostaglandin E2 immunoassay were conducted.
Results:
Rocuronium bromide treatment inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase and suppressed nitric oxide production in CPAE cells. Rocuronium bromide activated cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and increased prostaglandin E2 synthesis in CPAE cells.
Conclusions:
Rocuronium bromide induced inflammation and pain in CPAE cells. Suppressing nitric oxide production and enhancing prostaglandin E2 synthesis might be associated with rocuronium bromide-induced injection pain or withdrawal movement.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	CAS Number	Price
AP111762302	5-Chloro-2-thienylmagnesium bromide	111762-30-2	Price
AP134640850	2,3-Dimethylphenylmagnesium bromide	134640-85-0	Price
AP30897860	2,5-Dimethylphenylmagnesium bromide	30897-86-0	Price

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