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Single-fraction Versus Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Medium-Sized Brain Metastases of 2.5 to 3 Cm

Single-fraction Versus Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Medium-Sized Brain Metastases of 2.5 to 3 Cm

Haemin Chon, KyoungJun Yoon, Doheui Lee, Do Hoon Kwon, Young Hyun Cho

J Neurooncol. 2019 Oct;145(1):49-56.

PMID: 31420793

Abstract:

Purpose:
Given recently suggested utility of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in treating large brain metastases (BMs) > 3 cm, we sought to prospectively control tumor size variable to investigate the efficacy and safety of hypofractionated SRS for medium-sized BMs (2.5 to 3 cm) compared with single-fraction SRS.
Methods:
Between 2011 and 2015, a total of 100 patients with newly diagnosed BMs (n = 105) of 2.5 to 3 cm had been treated with either single-fraction (n = 67; median dose 20 Gy) or hypofractionated SRS (n = 38; median cumulative dose 35 Gy in 5 daily fractions). No patients received any prior or upfront whole brain radiotherapy. In each patient, treatment outcome was measured by local tumor control (LTC), overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS), and the occurrence of radiation necrosis (RN).
Results:
With a median follow-up of 14 months, significant differences were observed between the single-fraction versus hypofractionated SRS groups in the incidence of RN (29.9% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.001) and LTC (1-year LTC rates 66.6% vs. 92.4%, P = 0.028). There were no differences in PFS (median 6 months vs. 6 months, P = 0.381) and OS (median 13 months vs. 18 months, P = 0.239). Treatment-related adverse events ( ≥ grade 2 toxicity by CTCAE ver. 4.0) occurred more frequently in single-fraction group, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (56.3% vs. 36.1%, P = 0.084).
Conclusions:
Our results suggest a better safety and efficacy profile of hypofractionated SRS for medium-sized BMs compared with single-fraction SRS. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP1338247305	BMS-3		1338247-30-5	Price

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