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Small-molecule Auxin Inhibitors That Target YUCCA Are Powerful Tools for Studying Auxin Function

Small-molecule Auxin Inhibitors That Target YUCCA Are Powerful Tools for Studying Auxin Function

Yusuke Kakei, Chiaki Yamazaki, Masashi Suzuki, Ayako Nakamura, Akiko Sato, Yosuke Ishida, Rie Kikuchi, Shouichi Higashi, Yumiko Kokudo, Takahiro Ishii, Kazuo Soeno, Yukihisa Shimada

Plant J. 2015 Nov;84(4):827-37.

PMID: 26402640

Abstract:

Auxin is essential for plant growth and development, this makes it difficult to study the biological function of auxin using auxin-deficient mutants. Chemical genetics have the potential to overcome this difficulty by temporally reducing the auxin function using inhibitors. Recently, the indole-3-pyruvate (IPyA) pathway was suggested to be a major biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana L. for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the most common member of the auxin family. In this pathway, YUCCA, a flavin-containing monooxygenase (YUC), catalyzes the last step of conversion from IPyA to IAA. In this study, we screened effective inhibitors, 4-biphenylboronic acid (BBo) and 4-phenoxyphenylboronic acid (PPBo), which target YUC. These compounds inhibited the activity of recombinant YUC in vitro, reduced endogenous IAA content, and inhibited primary root elongation and lateral root formation in wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings. Co-treatment with IAA reduced the inhibitory effects. Kinetic studies of BBo and PPBo showed that they are competitive inhibitors of the substrate IPyA. Inhibition constants (Ki ) of BBo and PPBo were 67 and 56 nm, respectively. In addition, PPBo did not interfere with the auxin response of auxin-marker genes when it was co-treated with IAA, suggesting that PPBo is not an inhibitor of auxin sensing or signaling. We propose that these compounds are a class of auxin biosynthesis inhibitors that target YUC. These small molecules are powerful tools for the chemical genetic analysis of auxin function.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP51067380	4-Phenoxyphenylboronic acid		51067-38-0	Price
AP5122941	4-Biphenylboronic acid		5122-94-1	Price

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