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Small Molecule-Facilitated Degradation of ANO1 Protein: A New Targeting Approach for Anticancer Therapeutics

Small Molecule-Facilitated Degradation of ANO1 Protein: A New Targeting Approach for Anticancer Therapeutics

Anke Bill, Michelle Lynn Hall, Jason Borawski, Catherine Hodgson, Jeremy Jenkins, Philippe Piechon, Oana Popa, Christopher Rothwell, Pamela Tranter, Scott Tria, Trixie Wagner, Lewis Whitehead, L Alex Gaither

J Biol Chem. 2014 Apr 18;289(16):11029-41.

PMID: 24599954

Abstract:

ANO1, a calcium-activated chloride channel, is highly expressed and amplified in human cancers and is a critical survival factor in these cancers. The ANO1 inhibitor CaCCinh-A01 decreases proliferation of ANO1-amplified cell lines; however, the mechanism of action remains elusive. We explored the mechanism behind the inhibitory effect of CaCCinh-A01 on cell proliferation using a combined experimental and in silico approach. We show that inhibition of ANO1 function is not sufficient to diminish proliferation of ANO1-dependent cancer cells. We report that CaCCinh-A01 reduces ANO1 protein levels by facilitating endoplasmic reticulum-associated, proteasomal turnover of ANO1. Washout of CaCCinh-A01 rescued ANO1 protein levels and resumed cell proliferation. Proliferation of newly derived CaCCinh-A01-resistant cell pools was not affected by CaCCinh-A01 as compared with the parental cells. Consistently, CaCCinh-A01 failed to reduce ANO1 protein levels in these cells, whereas ANO1 currents were still inhibited by CaCCinh-A01, indicating that CaCCinh-A01 inhibits cell proliferation by reducing ANO1 protein levels. Furthermore, we employed in silico methods to elucidate novel biological functions of ANO1 inhibitors. Specifically, we derived a pharmacophore model to describe inhibitors capable of promoting ANO1 degradation and report new inhibitors of ANO1-dependent cell proliferation. In summary, our data demonstrate that inhibition of the channel activity of ANO1 is not sufficient to inhibit ANO1-dependent cell proliferation, indicating that the role of ANO1 in cancer only partially depends on its function as a channel. Our results provide an impetus for gaining a deeper understanding of ANO1 modulation in cells and introduce a new targeting approach for antitumor therapy in ANO1-amplified cancers.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP407587331	CaCCinh-A01		407587-33-1	Price

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