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Soybean Seed Coat Chitinase as a Defense Protein Against the Stored Product Pest Callosobruchus Maculatus

Nadia Cm Silva, Jamile G Conceição, Kayan Eudorico Ventury, Leonardo Fr De Sá, Eduardo Ag Oliveira, Izabela S Santos, Valdirene M Gomes, Monique N Costa, Andre Ts Ferreira, Jonas Perales, Jose Xavier-Filho, etc.

Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Jun;74(6):1449-1456.

PMID: 29250895

Abstract:

Background:
Chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) are enzymes involved in the breaking of the β-1,4-glycosidic linkages of chitin. In insects, chitin is present mainly in the cuticle and in peritrophic membranes and peritrophic gel. Enzymes with the potential to damage peritrophic membranes and gel, such as chitinase, have been associated with plant defense systems. Identification and characterization of seed coat chitinase as a plant defense molecule may indicate a more effective target for manipulation strategies, which may lead to the prevention of consumption of embryonic tissues by larvae and consequently minimization of seed damage.
Results:
We studied the efficiency of soybean seed coat chitinase as a defense molecule against the insect Callosobruchus maculatus. The seed coat chitinase was isolated and identified by mass spectrometry, immunoreacted with an anti-chitinase antibody and shown to have activity against chitin azure and 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-N,N',N''-triacetylchitotrioside. A chitinase fraction incorporated in artificial cotyledons at 0.1% reduced larval survival by approximately 77%, and at 0.5%, the reduction in larval mass was 60%. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled chitinase was detected in the guts and feces of larvae. At 25% in thick artificial seed coats, chitinase showed a high toxicity to larvae, with mortality of 90% and a reduction of larval mass of 87%.
Conclusion:
Seed coat chitinase is an important seed defense molecule not only in the cotyledons but also in seed coats, acting as part of the array of defense mechanisms against Callosobruchus maculatus. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number Product Name Structure CAS Number Price
AP53643133 4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-N,N′,N′′-triacetylchitotrioside 4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-N,N′,N′′-triacetylchitotrioside 53643-13-3 Price
LS74818 Chitin azure Chitin azure Price
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