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The Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Ginkgolides and Bilobalide in Cerebral Ischemic Injury: A Literature Review

The Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Ginkgolides and Bilobalide in Cerebral Ischemic Injury: A Literature Review

Zili Feng, Qian Sun, Wang Chen, Yu Bai, Daihua Hu, Xin Xie

Mol Med. 2019 Dec 21;25(1):57.

PMID: 31864312

Abstract:

The incidence and mortality of strokes have increased over the past three decades in China. Ischemic strokes can cause a sequence of detrimental events in patients, including increased permeability and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier, brain edema, metabolic disturbance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, neuron death and apoptosis, and cognitive impairment. Thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and mechanical embolectomy with a retrievable stent are two recognized strategies to achieve reperfusion after a stroke. Nevertheless, rtPA has a narrow therapeutic timeframe, and mechanical embolectomy has limited rates of good neurological outcomes. EGb761 is a standardized and extensively studied extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves. The ginkgolides and bilobalide that constitute a critical part of EGb761 have demonstrated protective properties towards cerebral injury. Ginkgolides include Ginkgolide A (GA), Ginkgolide B (GB), Ginkgolide C (GC), Ginkgolide J (GJ), Ginkgolide K (GK), Ginkgolide L (GL), and Ginkgolide M (GM). This review seeks to elucidate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of ginkgolides, especially GA and GB, and bilobalide in cerebral injury following ischemic strokes.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
AP107438799	Ginkgolide J		107438-79-9	Price

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