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The Third Group of the B7-CD28 Immune Checkpoint Family: HHLA2, TMIGD2, B7x, and B7-H3

The Third Group of the B7-CD28 Immune Checkpoint Family: HHLA2, TMIGD2, B7x, and B7-H3

Murali Janakiram, Urvi A Shah, Weifeng Liu, Aimin Zhao, Mark P Schoenberg, Xingxing Zang

Immunol Rev. 2017 Mar;276(1):26-39.

PMID: 28258693

Abstract:

The B7-CD28 family of ligands and receptors play important roles in T-cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition. Phylogenetically they can be divided into three groups. The recent discovery of the new molecules (B7-H3 [CD276], B7x [B7-H4/B7S1], and HHLA2 [B7H7/B7-H5]/TMIGD2 [IGPR-1/CD28H]) of the group III has expanded therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of human diseases. In this review, we describe the discovery, structure, and function of B7-H3, B7x, HHLA2, and TMIGD2 in immune regulation. We also discuss their roles in important pathological states such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, transplantation, and infection. Various immunotherapeutical approaches are emerging including antagonistic monoclonal antibodies and agonistic fusion proteins to inhibit or potentiate these molecules and pathways in cancers and autoimmune diseases.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
IAR4248416	CD276 human			Price

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