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Vibrio Cholerae: Cholera Toxin

Vibrio Cholerae: Cholera Toxin

Davy Vanden Broeck, Caroline Horvath, Marc J S De Wolf

Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(10):1771-5.

PMID: 17716938

Abstract:

The bacterial protein toxin of Vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin, is a major agent involved in severe diarrhoeal disease. Cholera toxin is a member of the AB toxin family and is composed of a catalytically active heterodimeric A-subunit linked with a homopentameric B-subunit. Upon binding to its receptor, GM0(1), cholera toxin is internalized and transported in a retrograde manner through the Golgi to the ER, where it is retrotranslocated to the cytosol. Here, cholera toxin reaches its intracellular target, the basolaterally located adenylate cyclase which becomes constitutively activated after toxin-induced mono-ADP-ribosylation of the regulating G(S)-protein. Elevated intracellular cAMP levels provoke loss of water and electrolytes which is manifested as the typical diarrhoea. The cholera toxin B-subunit displays the capacity to fortify immune responses to certain antigens, to act as a carrier and to be competent in inducing immunological tolerance. These unique features make cholera toxin a promising tool for immunologists.

Chemicals Related in the Paper:

Catalog Number	Product Name	Structure	CAS Number	Price
IAR4242680	Cholera Toxin A Subunit from Vibrio cholerae			Price

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