CAS 100-42-5 Styrene - Analytical Products / Alfa Chemistry

CAT	APS100425
CAS	100-42-5
Structure
Synonyms	Styrene
IUPAC Name	styrene
Molecular Weight	104.15
Molecular Formula	C8H8
Canonical SMILES	C=Cc1ccccc1
InChI	InChI=1S/C8H8/c1-2-8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h2-7H,1H2

Accurate Mass	104.0626
Format	Neat
Shipping	Room Temperature
Storage Conditions	+4°C
Subcategory	Hydrocarbons and petrochemicals

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Case Study

Styrene for the Preparation of Water-Based Damping Coatings with Enhanced Low-Frequency Damping and High-Frequency Impact Resistance

Zhang, Hao, et al. Progress in Organic Coatings 182 (2023): 107665.

Styrene (St) is a versatile monomer widely used in copolymerization to produce functional latexes for advanced coating applications. In this study, styrene was incorporated into a styrene-butyl acrylate (St-BA) chemical crosslinking framework to fabricate water-based damping coatings that simultaneously exhibit superior low-frequency damping and high-frequency impact protection.
Experimental procedure:
1. DBSA (0.45 g) and OP-10 (0.45 g) were dissolved in deionized water (70 g). St (3 g), BA (12 g), DVB (0.3 g), lauryl methacrylate (LMA, 3 g), and impact hardening polymer (IHP, 15 g) solution were added to the aqueous mixture.
2. SFS and TBHP (1% of total oil phase) were used as redox initiators. Monomeric emulsions were formed via mechanical shearing at 20,000 rpm for 90 s using a homogenizer.
3. The emulsions were transferred into a 250 mL round-bottom flask under nitrogen, with 1% NaHCO₃, and stirred at 80 °C for 6 h.
4. The resulting latex (BSL-IHP) was collected and labeled according to LMA and IHP content for further testing.
The BSL-IHP films demonstrated a loss factor (tanδ) of 1.54 and an effective damping temperature range extended to 80 °C. Impact energy absorption efficiency reached 76.8% under high-speed impact. The inclusion of styrene enabled excellent mechanical compatibility with BA and IHP, producing films with uniform morphology, high stress tolerance, and self-healing efficiency of 93.1%. This study highlights styrene's critical role in water-based damping coatings, providing both structural crosslinking and mechanical robustness, and offering a promising strategy for multifunctional protective coatings in engineering applications.

Styrene for the Preparation of Polyethylene-Styrene-Divinylbenzene Interpolymer Cation Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Sreenath, Sooraj, et al. Energy Advances 1.2 (2022): 87-98.

Styrene (St) serves as a key monomer in the synthesis of interpolymer cation exchange membranes (ICEMs) designed for high-performance vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). In this study, styrene was copolymerized with divinylbenzene (DVB) within a molten polyethylene matrix to produce a chemically robust and mechanically stable membrane suitable for long-term electrochemical applications.
Experimental procedure:
1. A mixture of HDPE and LDPE (80:20) was melted at 150 °C in xylene, with toluene added to maintain temperature stability. Separately, styrene and divinylbenzene (1:0.00075) with 4% benzoyl peroxide were dissolved in toluene.
2. The styrene-DVB solution was added dropwise to the molten polyethylene under continuous stirring, and the reaction proceeded for 6 h at controlled temperature to form the interpolymer.
3. The resulting polymer was processed via blown film extrusion to produce thin membranes.
4. Membranes were sulfonated using 10% chlorosulfonic acid in dichloroethane for 4 h, washed thoroughly with water, and stored in saline solution for further testing.
The ICEM exhibited excellent dimensional, chemical, and mechanical stability in highly oxidative 2.1 M H2SO4 with 1.6 M VO2+ ions over 30 days at 50 °C. VRFB tests demonstrated 95% Coulombic efficiency, 63% energy efficiency, and low membrane resistivity, with superior self-discharge and capacity retention compared to Nafion®117. Styrene's role as a reactive monomer enabled efficient crosslinking, providing both ion selectivity and structural integrity. This study highlights styrene's pivotal function in fabricating next-generation cation exchange membranes for energy storage applications.

Styrene for the Preparation of Recyclable Superoleophilic-Hydrophobic Polymer Aerogels with Phase-Change Applications

Yao, Yuan, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal 455 (2023): 140363.

Styrene (St) is a key monomer in the synthesis of styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) alternating copolymers, which serve as precursors for highly functional polymer aerogels. In this study, SMA was synthesized via self-stable precipitation polymerization, copolymerizing 26 g of styrene with 24.5 g of maleic anhydride in the presence of 0.4 g AIBN at 70 °C for 7 hours under nitrogen. The resulting SMA copolymer microspheres were purified through repeated centrifugation and methanol washing, followed by vacuum drying.
SMA was subsequently converted to a water-soluble copolymer (SMAN) via reaction with ammonia water at 95 °C. The SMAN solution was freeze-cast and freeze-dried to yield polymer aerogels, which underwent heat treatment at 180 °C to produce superoleophilic and hydrophobic SMI aerogels. These aerogels exhibited remarkable thermal stability, with glass transition and decomposition temperatures of 247 °C and 307.6 °C, respectively, as well as aggregation-induced emission properties.
SMI aerogels were further incorporated with phase-change materials (PCMs) to fabricate cold- and heat-storage composites (PCCC and PCCH). Both composites demonstrated excellent energy storage and photothermal conversion performance and could be efficiently recycled by separation in ammonia water. Styrene's role in the SMA backbone was critical for thermal stability, structural integrity, and functionalization potential, enabling the preparation of highly recyclable, multifunctional polymer aerogels. This study underscores styrene's pivotal contribution to next-generation smart polymer materials for energy management and environmental applications.