CAS 481-06-1 α-Santonin - Analytical Products / Alfa Chemistry

CAT	AP481061
CAS	481-06-1
Structure
MDL Number	MFCD00135865
Molecular Weight	246.30
InChI Key	XJHDMGJURBVLLE-BOCCBSBMSA-N
REAXYS Number	89489

Assay	≥95.0% (HPLC)
MP	172-173 °C (lit.)
Size	100MG
Storage Conditions	2-8°C

Rational Drug Design and Synthesis of New α-Santonin Derivatives as Potential COX-2 Inhibitors

Adriana Coricello, Asma El-Magboub, Marian Luna, Angela Ferrario, Ian S Haworth, Charles J Gomer, Francesca Aiello, James D Adams

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2018 Apr 1;28(6):993-996.

PMID: 29501395

Selective Cytotoxicity of α-Santonin From the Persian Gulf Sponge Dysidea Avara on Pediatric ALL B-lymphocytes via Mitochondrial Targeting

Marjan Aghvami, Arghavan Keshavarz, Melika Nazemi, Mohammad Hadi Zarei, Jalal Pourahmad

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018 Aug 24;19(8):2149-2154.

PMID: 30139218

Structure-activity Relationship and Synthetic Methodologies of α-santonin Derivatives With Diverse Bioactivities: A Mini-Review

Jiangming Wang, Siyuan Su, Shangzhe Zhang, Shiyang Zhai, Ruilong Sheng, Wenhui Wu, Ruihua Guo

Eur J Med Chem. 2019 Aug 1;175:215-233.

PMID: 31082765

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of α-santonin Derivatives as Anti-Hepatoma Agents

Hao Chen, Xiao Yang, Zongmin Yu, Ziying Cheng, Hu Yuan, Zeng Zhao, Guozhen Wu, Ning Xie, Xing Yuan, Qingyan Sun, Weidong Zhang

Eur J Med Chem. 2018 Apr 10;149:90-97.

PMID: 29499490

Synthesis of α-santonin Derivatives for Diminutive Effect on T and B-cell Proliferation and Their Structure Activity Relationships

Praveen K Chinthakindi, Jasvinder Singh, Shilpa Gupta, Amit Nargotra, Priya Mahajan, Anupurna Kaul, Zabeer Ahmed, Surrinder Koul, Payare L Sangwan

Eur J Med Chem. 2017 Feb 15;127:1047-1058.

PMID: 27847171

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Case Study

α-Santonin: A Potential Lead Compound for COX-2 Inhibition in Anti-Inflammatory Applications

Coricello, Adriana, et al. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 28.6 (2018): 993-996.

α-Santonin, a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the Artemisia genus, has been investigated for its potential role in inflammation and pain management. A study explored its inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis, by designing and evaluating a series of derivatives.
In silico screening and drug-likeness assessments identified promising candidates, leading to the synthesis and biological evaluation of selected derivatives. Among them, compound A2 demonstrated a significant reduction in PGE2 production at 250 µM, indicating effective COX-2 inhibition. Higher concentrations of A2 further suppressed COX-2 expression, suggesting a dose-dependent response. Conversely, α-Santonin exhibited only minor inhibition of COX-2 expression at 500 µM. Compound A1, while initially reducing PGE2 levels at lower doses, paradoxically increased COX-2 expression at 400 µM, limiting its therapeutic potential.
These findings highlight α-Santonin and its derivatives as promising candidates for COX-2-targeted anti-inflammatory agents. However, further structure-activity relationship studies are required to optimize potency and selectivity while minimizing potential off-target effects.

α-Santonin as an Internal Standard in Bioanalytical Extraction and Quantification Methods

Jürgens, Franziska M., Sara M. Robledo, and Thomas J. Schmidt. Pharmaceutics 14.11 (2022): 2379.

α-Santonin, a sesquiterpene lactone, has been widely employed as an internal standard in bioanalytical extraction and quantification processes. Recent studies have utilized α-Santonin to enhance the accuracy of sample preparation for ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses.
In a comprehensive study, α-Santonin was incorporated as an internal standard for the extraction of sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) from biological matrices, including plasma, urine, feces, skin, and adhesive tape samples. Using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with Oasis hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridges, α-Santonin was added to plasma and urine samples before heating, centrifugation, and solvent evaporation steps to facilitate recovery. In fecal and skin samples, multiple methanol extractions combined with sonication, shaking, and Sephadex LH-20 column purification ensured optimal STL isolation.
The use of α-Santonin provided a stable reference for quantifying analytes under varying experimental conditions, minimizing variability in extraction efficiency and instrumental response. The compound also demonstrated excellent compatibility with methanol-based extractions, ensuring consistent performance across multiple biological matrices.
This study underscores the significance of α-Santonin as a reliable internal standard in bioanalytical workflows, particularly in STL extraction and quantification. Its stability, solubility, and recoverability make it an essential tool for enhancing the accuracy and reproducibility of bioanalytical assays.

α-Santonin: A Reliable Internal Standard for UHPLC-HRMS Quantification in Dermal Absorption Studies

Jürgens, Franziska M., et al. Pharmaceutics 14.4 (2022): 742.

α-Santonin has emerged as a valuable internal standard in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) for the quantification of analytes in dermal absorption studies. In recent research, α-Santonin was used to ensure analytical accuracy and precision in evaluating the permeation of botanical-derived substances through human and porcine skin.
During the study, α-Santonin was added to skin extracts, receptor fluids, and skin wash solutions to normalize variations in detector response. The method validation followed ICH M10 bioanalytical guidelines, confirming its suitability for analytical applications. The UHPLC-HRMS method exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3 ng/mL and a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1.0 ng/mL, demonstrating high sensitivity. Moreover, α-Santonin maintained stability under multiple storage and processing conditions, including freeze-thaw cycles, extended autosampler storage, and exposure to elevated temperatures, highlighting its robustness in bioanalytical assays.
The successful application of α-Santonin in dermal absorption studies underscores its significance as a standard for precise quantification in complex biological matrices. This case highlights its indispensable role in pharmaceutical and cosmetic research, ensuring the reliability of analytical outcomes in transdermal drug delivery assessments.