Zinc bromide

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CAT	AP7699458
CAS	7699-45-8
Structure
MDL Number	MFCD00011294
Molecular Weight	225.20
EC Number	231-718-4
InChI Key	VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Linear Formula

ZnBr2

2-chlorophenyl Zinc Bromide: A Convenient Nucleophile for the Mannich-Related Multicomponent Synthesis of Clopidogrel and Ticlopidine

Isabelle Aillaud, Caroline Haurena, Erwan Le Gall, Thierry Martens, Gino Ricci

Molecules. 2010 Nov 11;15(11):8144-55.

PMID: 21072025

Dibromido(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ(2)N,N')zinc

Ali Dehghani, Mostafa M Amini, Ezzatollah Najafi, Azadeh Tadjarodi, Behrouz Notash

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online. 2012 Jun 1;68(Pt 6):m811.

PMID: 22719356

Passerini Reactions on Biocatalytically Derived Chiral Azetidines

Lisa Moni, Luca Banfi, Andrea Basso, Andrea Bozzano, Martina Spallarossa, Ludger Wessjohann, Renata Riva

Molecules. 2016 Aug 30;21(9):1153.

PMID: 27589709

Practical Tetrafluoroethylene Fragment Installation Through a Coupling Reaction of (1,1,2,2-tetrafluorobut-3-en-1-yl)zinc Bromide With Various Electrophiles

Ken Tamamoto, Shigeyuki Yamada, Tsutomu Konno

Beilstein J Org Chem. 2018 Sep 11;14:2375-2383.

PMID: 30254702

Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes Using Hyper-Cross-Linked Polyaromatic Spheres Decorated With Bromomethyl Groups as Efficient and Recyclable Catalysts

Reddi Mohan Naidu Kalla, Sung Chul Hong, Il Kim

ACS Omega. 2018 Feb 26;3(2):2242-2253.

PMID: 31458526

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CAT	Size	Form	Description	Price
AP7699458-1	10G, 50G	powder and chunks	99.999% trace metals basis	Inquiry
AP7699458-2	5G, 25G	beads	anhydrous, beads, −10 mesh, 99.999% trace metals basis	Inquiry

Case Study

Preparation of Zinc Bromide Supported on Silica

Keivanloo, Ali, et al. Tetrahedron letters 52.13 (2011): 1498-1502.

Zinc bromide supported on silica (ZnBr₂/SiO₂) is an efficient heterogeneous catalyst that enables the rapid synthesis of alkynones through the cross-coupling of acyl chlorides with terminal alkynes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature, achieving excellent yields.
Preparation of ZnBr₂/SiO₂: Add silica gel (3.65 g) to a MeOH (20 mL) solution of ZnBr₂ (6 mmol, 1.35 g), and heat the mixture under reflux for 1 hour. Remove the solvent using a rotary evaporator and vacuum-dry the product at 150 °C for 10 hours. Inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry (ICP) indicates that 1.2 mmol of ZnBr₂ is supported on 1 g of ZnBr₂/SiO₂.

Zinc Bromide for the Synthesis of Zinc Adenine/Adenine Complexes

Feda'a, M., et al. Inorganica Chimica Acta 557 (2023): 121716.

A new sustainable zinc adenine bromide (Zn-AHBr) catalyst is reported for catalyzing various epoxides using atmospheric CO₂ in the absence of additional catalysts.
Synthesis of Zinc Adenine/Adenine Complexes: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 14.8 mmol of adenine (A) powder was suspended in 5 mL of deionized water using a 50 mL round-bottom flask to synthesize adenine bromide (AHBr). A stoichiometric amount of a 33% HBr/acetic acid solution was then added dropwise to the cooled suspension while maintaining the temperature below 5 °C. The transparent solution was left in the refrigerator overnight, resulting in a crystallization yield of 90%. The preparation method for the zinc bromide adenine (Zn-AHBr) complex involved dissolving 4.65 mmol of AHBr in a small amount of DMSO, then adding an equivalent amount of anhydrous ZnBr₂, and heating the solution to 80 °C for 1 hour. The solution was then cooled to room temperature (RT) and 5 mL of CHCl₃ was added. The product was separated using Et₂O, yielding an 80% yield.

Zinc Bromide (II) (ZnBr₂) as a Catalyst for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Frameworks

Ghobadi, Massoud, Peiman Pourmoghaddam Qhazvini, and Mosstafa Kazemi. Synthetic Communications 50.24 (2020): 3717-3738.

The chemical properties of heterocyclic molecules are particularly significant in medicinal chemistry due to their critical importance to life. Compounds with pyrazole ring systems exhibit numerous pharmacological properties and can play vital roles in biochemical processes.
Under microwave irradiation at 60 °C in water, a library of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5(4H)-one derivatives with medicinal value was synthesized through the three-component condensation of various substituted aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and phenylhydrazine/2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Several metal salts were used to catalyze the template reaction of indole-3-aldehyde, phenylhydrazine, and ethyl acetoacetate in different reaction media to optimize the reaction conditions for synthesizing pyrazole products. After 24 hours, the yield of the template product was 46% without a catalyst. Under microwave irradiation at 60 °C in water, the maximum yield (98%) was achieved using SiO₂/ZnBr₂.

Zinc Bromide (ZnBr₂) for Enhancing the Stability of Blue Light-Emitting Perovskites

Yan, Zhen-Li, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal 414 (2021): 128774.

Zinc bromide (ZnBr₂) plays a crucial role in improving the structural stability and optoelectronic properties of blue light-emitting perovskites. The incorporation of ZnBr₂ into phenethylammonium and bromine-chlorine mixed perovskites (PEA-CsPbBrₓCl₃₋ₓ) induces morphological changes, including thickened crystal structures and improved crystallinity. This structural evolution enhances the material's stability, mitigating the commonly observed red-shift in emission.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) reveal that Zn²⁺ ions primarily localize at the outer edges of perovskite crystals, strengthening Pb-Br and Pb-Cl bonding. This interaction not only reinforces the perovskite lattice but also modulates the binding energy, as evidenced by increased Pb 4f and Br 3d integral areas. Comparative analysis with SnBr₂ further confirms the superior stabilizing effect of ZnBr₂.
Functionally, ZnBr₂-doped PEA-CsPbBrₓCl₃₋ₓ perovskites exhibit a high luminance of 1245 cd/m² and an external quantum efficiency of 1.30%, alongside exceptional spectral stability with only a 3-nm red-shift under varying excitation currents. These findings demonstrate ZnBr₂'s effectiveness in defect passivation and ionic bonding reinforcement, making it a valuable additive for advancing stable blue light-emitting diode (LED) technology.

Zinc Bromide (ZnBr₂) as an Effective Passivating Agent for Cesium Lead Bromide Quantum Dots

Zhao, Yang-Yang, et al. Organic Electronics 116 (2023): 106775.

Zinc bromide (ZnBr₂) plays a crucial role in the surface passivation of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr₃) quantum dots (QDs), significantly enhancing their optoelectronic properties. In the synthesis of perovskite QDs, the precipitation and purification steps often introduce surface defects due to the removal of uncoordinated organic ligands, leading to nonradiative recombination losses. The integration of ZnBr₂ into the antisolvent ethyl acetate (EA) during QD purification has been demonstrated as an efficient strategy to address these defects.
ZnBr₂ serves a dual function by replenishing both lead (Pb²⁺) and bromide (Br⁻) vacancies in CsPbBr₃ QDs. The bromide ions mitigate halide deficiencies, while Zn²⁺ ions substitute for Pb²⁺, improving photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Additionally, ZnBr₂'s low polarity allows uniform dispersion in EA, facilitating in situ surface passivation. This modification also partially replaces organic ligands, enhancing charge carrier injection.
As a result, ZnBr₂-treated CsPbBr₃ QDs exhibit superior photophysical properties, yielding light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a maximum luminance of 96,392 cd m⁻², a current efficiency of 21.1 cd A⁻¹, and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.43%. Compared to unpassivated QDs, these values reflect a 200% increase in luminance and a 100% enhancement in EQE. This study highlights ZnBr₂ as a simple yet highly effective additive for defect passivation in perovskite QDs, paving the way for improved optoelectronic device performance.

Zinc Bromide (ZnBr₂) as a Key Component in Ionic Liquid Synthesis for Supercapacitor Applications

Dalvand, Samad, et al. Journal of Energy Storage 44 (2021): 103323.

Zinc bromide (ZnBr₂) plays a crucial role in the synthesis of the ionic liquid (IL) [Caff-TEA]⁺[ZnBr₃]⁻, demonstrating its significance in electrochemical energy storage. This IL, formed from caffeine (Caff), triethanolamine (TEA), and ZnBr₂, exhibits remarkable performance as an electrolyte material for supercapacitors.
The synthesis process involves a multi-step reaction where caffeine undergoes alkylation with 1,3-dibromopropane, followed by the introduction of TEA to form the organic cation. Subsequently, ZnBr₂ reacts with the resulting intermediate in an aqueous medium, yielding a pale yellow IL with a melting point of 76 °C. This IL exhibits high viscosity and stability, making it suitable for electrochemical applications.
Electrochemical analysis revealed that ZnBr₂-based IL enhances charge storage capabilities. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed a high specific capacitance of 165.28 F/g at 1 A/g, with an 80% retention over 20,000 cycles at 3 A/g. The presence of ZnBr₂ in the IL structure contributes to superior charge transport and ion mobility, optimizing supercapacitor performance.
These findings highlight ZnBr₂ as a critical component in advanced IL-based electrolytes, offering a pathway toward high-performance energy storage solutions. The integration of ZnBr₂ in supercapacitor ILs underscores its potential in next-generation electrochemical applications.

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